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Gerardo Ceballos,1*Paul R. Ehrlich,2Jorge Soberón,3Irma Salazar,1John P. Fay2
We present a global conservation analysis for an entire "flagship"taxon, land mammals. A combination of rarity, anthropogenicimpacts, and political endemism has put about a quarter of terrestrialmammal species, and a larger fraction of their populations,at risk of extinction. A new global database and complementarityanalysis for selecting priority areas for conservation showsthat 11% of Earth's land surface should be managed for conservationto preserve at least 10% of terrestrial mammal geographic ranges.Different approaches, from protection (or establishment) ofreserves to countryside biogeographic enhancement of human-dominatedlandscapes, will be required to approach this minimal goal.
1 Instituto de Ecología, UNAM, Apdo. Postal 70-275, México D.F. 04510, México. 2 Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305–5020, USA. 3 Comisión Nacional de Biodiversidad, Periferico-Insurgentes 4903, Mexico.
Present address: Natural History Museum, Dyke Hall, Universityof Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gceballo{at}miranda.ecologia.unam.mx
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Cost-effective priorities for global mammal conservation.
J. Carwardine, K. A. Wilson, G. Ceballos, P. R. Ehrlich, R. Naidoo, T. Iwamura, S. A. Hajkowicz, and H. P. Possingham (2008)
PNAS
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Ecosystem Services Special Feature: Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities.
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PNAS
105, 9495-9500
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Species richness, hotspots, and the scale dependence of range maps in ecology and conservation.
11% of Earth's land surface should be managed for conservation to preserve at least 10% of terrestrial mammal geographic ranges. Different approaches, from protection (or establishment) of reserves to countryside biogeographic enhancement of human-dominated landscapes, will be required to approach this minimal goal. 
Present address: Natural History Museum, Dyke Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. 
