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Science 14 December 2001:
Vol. 294. no. 5550, pp. 2323 - 2328
DOI: 10.1126/science.1066803
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Research Articles

Genome Sequence of the Plant Pathogen and Biotechnology Agent Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58

Brad Goodner,12 Gregory Hinkle,3 Stacie Gattung,4 Nancy Miller,4 Mary Blanchard,4 Barbara Qurollo,3 Barry S. Goldman,34 Yongwei Cao,3 Manor Askenazi,3 Conrad Halling,3 Lori Mullin,3 Kathryn Houmiel,4 Jeffrey Gordon,3 Mark Vaudin,4 Oleg Iartchouk,3 Andrew Epp,3 Fang Liu,3 Clifford Wollam,4 Mike Allinger,4 Dahlia Doughty,2 Charlaine Scott,2 Courtney Lappas,2 Brian Markelz,2 Casey Flanagan,2 Chris Crowell,2 Jordan Gurson,2 Caroline Lomo,2 Carolyn Sear,2 Graham Strub,2 Chris Cielo,2 Steven Slater3*

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen capable of transferring a defined segment of DNA to a host plant, generating a gall tumor. Replacing the transferred tumor-inducing genes with exogenous DNA allows the introduction of any desired gene into the plant. Thus, A. tumefaciens has been critical for the development of modern plant genetics and agricultural biotechnology. Here we describe the genome of A. tumefaciens strain C58, which has an unusual structure consisting of one circular and one linear chromosome. We discuss genome architecture and evolution and additional genes potentially involved in virulence and metabolic parasitism of host plants.

1 Department of Biology, Hiram College, Hiram, OH 44234, USA.
2 Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USA.
3 Cereon Genomics, LLC, 45 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
4 Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: steven.c.slater{at}cereon.com

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The VirB4 Family of Proposed Traffic Nucleoside Triphosphatases: Common Motifs in Plasmid RP4 TrbE Are Essential for Conjugation and Phage Adsorption.
C. Rabel, A. M. Grahn, R. Lurz, and E. Lanka (2003)
J. Bacteriol. 185, 1045-1058
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Convergent Evolution of Amadori Opine Catabolic Systems in Plasmids of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
C.-H. Baek, S. K. Farrand, K.-E. Lee, D.-K. Park, J. K. Lee, and K.-S. Kim (2003)
J. Bacteriol. 185, 513-524
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DNA Sequence and Mutational Analyses of the pVir Plasmid of Campylobacter jejuni 81-176.
D. J. Bacon, R. A. Alm, L. Hu, T. E. Hickey, C. P. Ewing, R. A. Batchelor, T. J. Trust, and P. Guerry (2002)
Infect. Immun. 70, 6242-6250
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Conserved Response Regulator CtrA and IHF Binding Sites in the {alpha}-Proteobacteria Caulobacter crescentus and Rickettsia prowazekii Chromosomal Replication Origins.
A. K. C. Brassinga, R. Siam, W. McSween, H. Winkler, D. Wood, and G. T. Marczynski (2002)
J. Bacteriol. 184, 5789-5799
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A global pH sensor: Agrobacterium sensor protein ChvG regulates acid-inducible genes on its two chromosomes and Ti plasmid.
L. Li, Y. Jia, Q. Hou, T. C. Charles, E. W. Nester, and S. Q. Pan (2002)
PNAS 99, 12369-12374
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Phytochrome from Agrobacterium tumefaciens has unusual spectral properties and reveals an N-terminal chromophore attachment site.
T. Lamparter, N. Michael, F. Mittmann, and B. Esteban (2002)
PNAS 99, 11628-11633
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Expression Cloning and Characterization of the C28 Acyltransferase of Lipid A Biosynthesis in Rhizobium leguminosarum.
S. S. Basu, M. J. Karbarz, and C. R. H. Raetz (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 28959-28971
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Accumulation of the Lipid A Precursor UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine in an Escherichia coli Mutant Lacking the lpxH Gene.
K. J. Babinski, S. J. Kanjilal, and C. R. H. Raetz (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 25947-25956
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Genomewide identification of proteins secreted by the Hrp type III protein secretion system of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000.
T. Petnicki-Ocwieja, D. J. Schneider, V. C. Tam, S. T. Chancey, L. Shan, Y. Jamir, L. M. Schechter, M. D. Janes, C. R. Buell, X. Tang, et al. (2002)
PNAS 99, 7652-7657
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Phage N15 Telomere Resolution. TARGET REQUIREMENTS FOR RECOGNITION AND PROCESSING BY THE PROTELOMERASE.
J. Deneke, G. Ziegelin, R. Lurz, and E. Lanka (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 10410-10419
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The Genome of the Natural Genetic Engineer Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58.
D. W. Wood, J. C. Setubal, R. Kaul, D. E. Monks, J. P. Kitajima, V. K. Okura, Y. Zhou, L. Chen, G. E. Wood, N. F. Almeida Jr., et al. (2001)
Science 294, 2317-2323
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